By Chad Roope, CFA ®, Chief Investment Officer U.S. municipal bonds (munis) are prized for their tax advantages, but their historic tendency to provide a stable source of return also makes them valuable amid market volatility and uncertainty. Munis are generally less vulnerable to inflation shocks or the crossfire of global trade policies because they are often linked to public authorities that provide fee-based essential services, such as waste collection and public transportation, or secured by taxes on sales, property, and income. Munis have also shown historically low default rates and high credit ratings (Aa3 versus Ba1 for global corporate debt, on average) thanks to the disciplined finances and stable revenues of most state and local governments. Tax equivalent yields of munis have reset to levels not seen in over a decade, with some investment grade yields north of 6%. Against this backdrop, we see an opportunity to increase allocations, particularly as the outlook for limited supply relative to demand in July and August could bolster performance. Additionally, munis offer a possible antidote to tariffs and recession concerns. Amid Wall Street’s growing concern over a potential tariff-induced recession, investors are seeking refuge in areas least affected by global supply chains. This is fueling interest in state and local government bonds for the following reasons: Limited exposure to trade risks: A broad-based economic slowdown would reduce state r
By Mark Sipos, LFG Tax Director When it comes to building a smart financial strategy, understanding how your income is taxed is just as important as how you invest it. That’s where the concept of the three tax buckets comes in — a helpful framework used in tax-efficient investing and retirement planning to help you minimize your tax burden and maximize your income. The first tax bucket is ordinary income, which includes your wages, pensions, Social Security, and interest from CDs, high-yield savings accounts, and money market accounts. These income sources are taxed at your marginal income tax rate, meaning the more you earn, the more tax you pay. Many people don't realize that interest income stacks on top of other income, potentially pushing them into higher brackets. That’s why understanding after-tax returns is critical when evaluating fixed-income investments. The second bucket is for capital gains and qualified dividends. This includes gains from selling stocks, ETFs, mutual funds, and real estate. Short-term capital gains (assets held under a year) are taxed at your ordinary income rate. Long-term capital gains (held for a year or more) are taxed at more favorable rates — 0%, 15%, or 20% depending on your income. Many married couples can earn over $100,000 and still pay 0% capital gains tax, thanks to the standard deduction. This makes capital gains a key part of any tax planning strategy. The third bucket is the tax-free income bu